Expect extra questions, take a burner phone: Immigration lawyers weigh in on travel to the U.S.

Amid stories of travellers facing hurdles or even being detained at the U.S. border, some immigration lawyers say Canadians should expect extra questioning, have plenty of documents on hand and carry a burner phone.

Two lawyers interviewed by CBC News say they're fielding lots of questions about air and land travel to and from the U.S., with many worried about clearing U.S. Customs and Border Protection as rules change under President Donald Trump. 

Heather Segal, an immigration lawyer and founding partner of Segal Immigration Law in Toronto, said on Monday that her inbox is flooded with questions.

"There's been much more heightened security and heightened investigations at the border," she said. "There is just tremendous fear, fear for numerous reasons. First of all, there's fear of getting detained. There's fear of not getting into the United States."

Segal said people are afraid they will be stopped, worried about what they will be asked and concerned they will say or do the wrong thing. She has been asked questions by Canadian citizens entering the U.S., American citizens returning to the U.S., transgender people, as well as permanent residents from Canada and Canadian immigrants with work permits.

"There's a fear, but no one's exactly sure what they're afraid of. They don't know what they've done wrong. There's a sense of guilt, but 'I don't know what I did.'"

Segal recommends Canadian travellers to the U.S. leave from an airport where they can clear U.S. customs while in Canada. She said going through "preclearance" affords Canadians  rights while they are on Canadian soil. 

"You might be detained for questioning, but you can say at any point, 'You know what, I don't want to travel anymore.' And as long as you tell them that you're just not interested and give them a good reason, you can leave. And they cannot keep you. You're not on U.S. soil."

Canadians can be detained at a land port of entry when going through U.S. customs, however, because they are on U.S. soil and they do not have the same rights that they would have in Canada, she said.

Global Affairs Canada, in a statement on Monday, said the federal department updated its guidance on March 21 to advise Canadians of a new U.S. requirement that those visiting the country for more than 30 days register with United States Citizenship and Immigration Services.

Segal said she is also hearing concerns from Canadians about registration and whether they are registered for longer stays.

When Canadians fly into the U.S., they are issued a copy of their I-94 form — an arrival-departure record form that indicates how long they can stay in the U.S., she said. The form indicates that they are registered and documents their "date of entry and exit" from the U.S. 

But Canadians entering the U.S. by land are not issued a copy of their I-94 form, said Segal. She said travellers can get a copy of it, or apply in advance for it, by going onto the U.S. Customs and Border Protection I-94 website.

Segal also suggests people travel with a burner phone and leave their actual phones at home.