As Ford eyes 401 tunnel, some say 407 subsidies are better fix

As Doug Ford's Ontario government considers building a tunnel under Highway 401, the provincial Green Party and an advocacy group say there's a far more obvious solution to tackling Toronto's gridlock: making better use of the express toll route 407.

Ford says an underground expressway beneath the 401 would ease gridlock on the congested Greater Toronto Area highway by expanding its capacity for drivers and transit. The tunnel could run roughly 55 kilometres, would not be tolled and would include public transit, the province has said. 

Ford didn't provide a cost estimate for the tunnel, but said Wednesday that he doesn't think the project would cost "hundreds of billions of dollars."

The premier said that the tunnel is a "serious plan to get drivers out of gridlock." But Ontario Green Party leader Mike Schreiner says there are quicker, cheaper and more effective alternatives, like getting more truckers off the 401 and onto the privately owned 407 by subsidizing their tolls.

"We've got an underutilized highway right there that we could use tomorrow — not 10, 20, 30 years from now. We could actually start using it tomorrow," Schreiner said in an interview with CBC Toronto. 

He said it was a mistake that the highway was originally sold in the 1990s and added he'd be open to the province buying it back.

"We'd have to make sure the price would be right. We need to make sure that, you know, we end gridlock in a financially responsible way," he said. Schreiner added that he has no idea how much such a purchase might cost.

The idea to subsidize tolls isn't new — Schreiner and others have been advocating for it for years.

In 2020, the public transit advocacy group Transit Action Ontario used provincial and 407 ETR data to examine how a toll subsidy could impact traffic. At the time, the group estimated that such a move would get between 12,000 and 21,000 trucks using the toll highway each weekday.

"We would immediately see, I think it's about a 30 per cent reduction in vehicle volume on the 401," said Peter Miasek, president of Transit Action Ontario, in an interview Thursday.

"Each truck takes up probably the equivalent of two or three cars. So it'd be quite a dramatic reduction."

While the idea is meant to benefit both drivers and truckers, the Ontario Trucking Association called it "impractical" in a statement published earlier this year and praised Ford's tunnel proposal on Wednesday. The association said the 407 toll subsidy idea doesn't take into account that some day, the 407 would end up just as congested as the 401.  

The province also takes issue with the idea's long-term feasibility. A spokesperson for the office of Prabmeet Sarkaria, Ontario's transportation minister, said the 407 will be at or above capacity in the next 10 years.

"By 2031, we would experience similar congestion problems even if Highway 407 was expanded, tolls were subsidized and truck priority lanes were included," Dakota Brasier said in an email.