The New York Times International News

As warming waters devastate coral around the world, the sea’s stunningly colorful reefs have been remarkably resilient. But pollution, mass tourism and overfishing put them at risk.

A series of undersea explosions ripped holes in the pipelines in late September, damaging the links that had been built to carry Russian natural gas to Germany.

The attack severed a crucial Russian supply line and triggered a month of Russian airstrikes. Experts reconstructed how Ukraine pulled it off.

Three men received life sentences, which killed nearly 300 people and came during a Moscow-backed separatist uprising that foreshadowed Russia’s full-scale invasion. A fourth man was acquitted.

This week’s assault hit at least 15 energy facilities — some for the fifth or sixth time — forcing controlled blackouts in every part of the country.

NATO and Polish officials said that it was a Ukrainian missile that crossed the border and killed two people, but that Russia bore the blame.

The secretary general of NATO said that a Ukrainian air defense missile most likely caused the explosion on the Polish-Ukrainian border on Tuesday.

The explosion in a Polish village across the border from Ukraine occurred as Russia bombarded Ukrainian cities with about 100 missiles.

At least two missiles struck central Kyiv, the first wave of attacks since Ukraine recaptured Kherson, a key city in the south, last week.

The American and Chinese leaders invoked years of personal contact as they met before the G20, seeking to pull back from outright conflict on a host of issues.

In Kherson, national songs were banned, speaking Ukrainian could lead to arrest, and students were told they were Russian. Cue the resistance.

Even Vladimir Putin and the Russian government were targets, but there was no evidence that the volume of blame would be a real liability.

Ukrainians in Kherson were celebrating Russia’s retreat but also told visiting New York Times journalists they feared Moscow would strike back.

People in Kherson hung the Ukrainian flag and awaited their troops as Russia said its withdrawal from the city was complete.

A day after Russia said it was withdrawing from Kherson City in the south, Ukraine’s forces moved into villages without a fight, indicating the Russians were, indeed, retreating.

Ukraine’s military says it recaptured 12 settlements in the south, but it remains unclear if Russian forces are indeed withdrawing from Kherson City.

Russia’s position had grown perilous in Kherson, a strategic city and one of the biggest prizes seized in its Ukraine invasion, but Russian hawks reacted angrily to the withdrawal.

A Russian retreat from the strategic city would be a major victory for Kyiv’s forces. But Ukraine’s military was not convinced the Russians intended to fully withdraw

Both Russia and Ukraine are using confusion as well as artillery on the battlefield.

Ukraine, beefing up its air defenses, says Russia has bought ballistic missiles from Iran to replace the precision weapons it is firing at services vital to civilians.

Ukrainian officials are celebrating the arrival of advanced Western air-defense systems but claim Russia is on the hunt for more powerful weapons.

World leaders were addressing the international climate summit, where a key question is whether rich nations will pay for climate-related losses and damage.

Preparing for war over hundreds of years has left a mark on the island, with its hundreds of bomb shelters. Some are being turned into cultural oases.

Humanitarian groups say Somalia’s leaders are resisting a formal declaration of famine that could unlock aid and save lives.

Russia is still the world’s second-largest arms exporter but its performance on the battlefield in Ukraine, coupled with Western sanctions, is likely to hurt its ability to sell weapons.

Russian families searching for loved ones say the system for finding missing soldiers is as disorganized as Vladimir Putin’s military effort, which has been marked by dysfunction from the beginning.

Analysts and a Ukrainian general say that though Russian attacks have increased in intensity, they have recently been largely ineffective.

New attacks on infrastructure and fears of a cold winter could drive even more Ukrainians to flee their homes, adding to what the U.N. says is the largest displacement crisis in decades.

The agreement allows Ukraine, a major food producer, to export grain by sea, easing the threat of famine in other countries.

Moscow announced that it was resuming its participation in an international agreement aimed at helping countries facing acute food shortages.

If the right-wing bloc does cement an election victory, Benjamin Netanyahu, Israel’s longest-serving prime minister, will return to office even as he stands trial on corruption charges.

The Ukrainian military said occupation officials were forcing people from their homes in Kherson, ahead of a possible battle for control of the key region.

As Israelis go to the ballot box for the fifth time in less than four years, voter fatigue has been a prominent concern. But an early figure provided to the country’s public broadcaster suggested that the electorate was still engaged.

Moscow kept up its campaign to destroy civilian infrastructure, in an apparent bid — so far unsuccessful — to break Ukrainian morale by making cities unlivable.