Global oil’s comeback year presages more strength in 2022

Oil tankers are seen parked at a yard outside a fuel depot on the outskirts of Kolkata (file). For 2022, crude consumption is expected to reach 99.53mn bpd, up from 96.2mn bpd this year, according to the IEA. That would be a hair short of 2019’s daily consumption of 99.55mn barrels.

Global oil demand roared back in 2021 as the world began to recover from the coronavirus pandemic, and overall world consumption potentially could hit a new record in 2022 — despite efforts to bring down fossil fuel consumption to mitigate climate change.Gasoline and diesel use surged this year as consumers resumed travel and business activity picked up.For 2022, crude consumption is expected to reach 99.53mn barrels per day (bpd), up from 96.2mn bpd this year, according to the International Energy Agency.That would be a hair short of 2019’s daily consumption of 99.55mn barrels.That will put pressure on both Opec and the US shale industry to meet demand — after a year when major producers were surprised by the rebound in activity that overwhelmed supply and led to tight inventories worldwide.Numerous Opec nations have struggled to add to output, while the US shale industry has to deal with investor demands to hold the line on spending.After beginning the year at $52 a barrel, Brent crude rose as high as about $86 per barrel before tailing off at the end of the year.Forecasters say prices could resume their upward path in 2022 unless supply increases by more than expected.Bank of America researchers estimate Brent will average $85 a barrel in 2022, due to low inventories and a lack of spare capacity.The unknown is the Omicron coronavirus variant, as numerous countries have reimposed travel curbs which will hurt the aviation industry and consumption.“If this is another wave like the ones we’ve seen before then it is a negative hit to economic growth in the first quarter of 2022,” said Damien Courvalin, head of energy research at Goldman Sachs. “But if there is a subsequent recovery, oil demand, which briefly touched pre-Covid levels in early November, would then be at new record highs for most of 2022.”The 2021 rebound took suppliers by surprise, raising tensions between large producing countries and the world’s biggest consumers like the United States, China and India.With gasoline prices up sharply earlier this year, US President Joe Biden called for the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries and its allies, known as Opec+, to boost overall output after restraining supply for months.However, Opec nations have struggled to raise output due to underinvestment, as Reuters data showed the group was over-complying with its production targets in November.The US shale industry, similarly, has not responded to higher prices as they had done previously, bowing to investor pressure to restrain spending.Overall US production averaged 11.2mn bpd in 2021, compared with a record of nearly 13mn bpd in late 2019, according to the US Energy Information Administration.Canada, Norway, Guyana and Brazil should add supply in the coming year, said Rystad Energy’s senior vice-president of analysis, Claudio Galimberti.US oil production is expected to average 11.9mn bpd for 2022, according to EIA.Coronavirus cases are surging due to the highly contagious Omicron variant, and further outbreaks could slow the recovery in major economies.The IEA and others have lowered expectations slightly, with the IEA cutting its forecasts for 2021 and 2022 by 100,000 bpd on average to account for lower air travel.“Even 5% of the population unvaccinated can create a crisis,” Fereidun Fesharaki, chairman of consultancy FGE, said. “The idea that you can have 70, 80 or 90% vaccinated and be OK is being challenged.”However, there is little evidence yet that Omicron has had a dramatic effect on demand.Fuel inventories at the Amsterdam-Rotterdam-Antwerp (ARA) hub, a key European oil and gas shipping locale, fell in the most recent week — a signal of steady consumption.