
As countries grapple with baby blues, what does a shrinking population mean?
CNA
From lonely deaths among the elderly to shrinking armies, falling birthrates are reshaping societies beyond the economic sphere.
In Japan, over 76,000 people living alone were found dead in 2024, with about three in four such cases involving those aged 65 or older. And this "lonely death" crisis is set to worsen as the number of elderly living alone is expected to reach 10.8 million by 2050.
Across the ocean in Italy, expenditure from both public and private pensions is the highest in the world in terms of the proportion of the nation's gross domestic product (GDP) – standing at 16.6 per cent. Like in Japan, such spending is expected to only grow as Italy’s population shrinks and ages.
Meanwhile in South Korea, the country with the world’s lowest birth rate, its military has shrunk by about 20 per cent in the last six years. In terms of raw figures, it is 50,000 troops short of the number deemed adequate for maintaining defence readiness, said its defence ministry last year.
These are some of the grim outcomes in countries where the populations are shrinking.

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