
What the IAEA’s non-compliance resolution means for Iran, and the world Premium
The Hindu
IAEA declares Iran in breach of obligations, sparking global tensions over nuclear program and potential sanctions.
On June 12, 19 the Board of Governors of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) voted in favour of declaring “that Iran is in breach of its obligations under its 1974 Comprehensive Safeguards Agreement”.
Just a day later, Israel mounted what it called “preliminary strikes” against nuclear facilities in Iran and declared a state of emergency at home.
Three Board members — China, Russia, and Venezuela — voted against the resolution while 11 abstained. The Board represents 35 states in all.
The Board also expressed “grave concern” over Iran’s inability to explain traces of uranium found at the country’s Lavisan-Shian, Varamin, and Turquzabad sites.
The IAEA is the U.N. nuclear watchdog tasked with promoting the use of nuclear energy for peaceful purposes and to discourage military applications, including in nuclear weapons.
This is the first time the Board has formally established non-compliance, which is required before it can escalate the matter with the U.N. Security Council. A previous resolution had only “urged” Iran’s cooperation.
Other Gulf states have welcomed the resolution. Israel, in addition to launching its strikes in the early hours of June 13, repeated its stance that it won’t “allow” Iran to enrich uranium to 90%, which is required to produce nuclear weapons.

In October this year, India announced its intention to build Maitri II, the country’s newest research station in Antarctica and India’s fourth, about 40 forty-odd years after the first permanent research station in Antarctica, Dakshin Gangotri, was established. The Hindu talks to Dr Harsh K Gupta, who led the team that established it

How do you create a Christmas tree with crochet? Take notes from crochet artist Sheena Pereira, who co-founded Goa-based Crochet Collective with crocheter Sharmila Majumdar in 2025. Their artwork takes centre stage at the Where We Gather exhibit, which is part of Festivals of Goa, an ongoing exhibition hosted by the Museum of Goa. The collective’s multi-hued, 18-foot crochet Christmas tree has been put together by 25 women from across the State. “I’ve always thought of doing an installation with crochet. So, we thought of doing something throughout the year that would culminate at the year end; something that would resonate with Christmas message — peace, hope, joy, love,” explains Sheena.

Max Born made many contributions to quantum theory. This said, he was awarded the Nobel Prize for physics in 1954 for establishing the statistical interpretation of the ____________. Fill in the blank with the name of an object central to quantum theory but whose exact nature is still not fully understood.










