Bangladesh Arrest Thousands in 'Violent' Crackdown: HRW

FILE - Police personnel stand guard in front of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party headquarters in Dhaka on Nov. 19, 2023, during a nationwide strike called by BNP activists. The party said about half of its five million members "face politically motivated prosecution."

Bangladesh has launched a sweeping and violent crackdown on opposition parties to "eliminate competition" ahead of general elections, including arresting almost 10,000 activists, Human Rights Watch said Monday. As well as the thousands arrested — many from the key Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) — a staggering number also face charges. According to the BNP, about half of its five million members "face politically motivated prosecution," HRW said. "The arrests, they are not leaving anyone behind, from senior level to the ground level," one activist told HRW. Prisons are now at more than double their capacity, the rights group said. The South Asian nation of around 170 million people holds a general election on Jan.7, with Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina eyeing her fourth consecutive term in power. "Bangladesh authorities are carrying out mass arrests of political opposition in a clear attempt to quash the opposition and eliminate competition ahead of the general elections," HRW said. New York-based HRW, who called it a "violent autocratic crackdown," said at least 16 people have been killed since protests escalated in October, including two police officers. More than 5,500 people have been injured. There was no immediate response by the government to the HRW report, but authorities say that those arrested should face justice for a range of violent crimes.'Extrajudicial killings' HRW based its report on multiple witness interviews, as well as analysis of videos and police reports. It said it had found "evidence that security forces are responsible for using excessive force, mass arbitrary arrests, enforced disappearances, torture, and extrajudicial killings." Bangladesh is one of the world's largest garment exporters — accounting for around 85% of its $55 billion in annual exports — with many global brands purchasing clothes from its factories. "Diplomatic partners should make clear that the crackdown will jeopardize economic cooperation," HRW said. Julia Bleckner, senior Asia researcher at Human Rights Watch, said credible elections could not be held under such conditions. "A free election is impossible when the government stifles free expression and systematically incapacitates the opposition, critics, and activists through arbitrary arrests, enforced disappearance, harassment, and intimidation," Bleckner said. The BNP on Sunday said at least 16,625 members had been arrested since October. They include most of its leadership, most notably the BNP's de facto chief Mirza Fakhrul Islam Alamgir. Prosecutors and lawyers said in the past two weeks at least 526 BNP officials and activists were convicted and sentenced, mostly in absentia, over what the party said were "trumped up" charges.