Asylum seekers face hurdles, discrimination as they compete for housing in Montreal
CBC
Pedro Fonseca, a 43-year-old asylum seeker from Colombia, says if he doesn't start receiving social assistance from the Quebec government soon, he'll likely become homeless.
He says he could ask family back home for a loan — but his relatives have little money.
"I am trying to be optimistic, but it's very stressful," Fonseca said in Spanish during a recent interview at his home in Montreal's Rosemont-La-Petite-Patrie borough.
Fonseca, who crossed into Quebec from the United States in late November through Roxham Road — an irregular border crossing used by thousands of migrants a year — is down to his last few hundred dollars and living with a roommate in a modest, two-bedroom apartment. He pays $410 a month.
The asylum seeker can't get a work permit until he is interviewed by the federal Immigration Department about his refugee claim; his appointment is in March 2024.
Fonseca is among the 39,171 asylum seekers who crossed into Quebec in 2022 through Roxham Road — an annual record. He and other would-be refugees are putting pressure on Quebec's social services and competing with residents for limited housing options.
Melissa Claisse, from the Montreal-based Welcome Collective, a local organization that assists refugee claimants, said asylum seekers face enormous difficulties finding apartments.
"It is magnified for this population because of their precarious immigration status," Claisse said in a recent interview. "We have families who encounter a lot of scams. We try to warn families about these types of things."
When asylum seekers arrive in Quebec, they are transported to hotels rented by the federal government, and after a short period, they are moved to government-run shelters. If would-be refugees have money or are receiving Quebec social assistance, they have to find a place of their own.
Fonseca is a veteran of Colombia's military, and he said he and his wife were threatened with violence because of his past as a soldier. He said he arrived at a Montreal-area hotel on Nov. 29 and a few weeks later was moved to a shelter in downtown Montreal, while his wife and 15-year-old son remained back home in Floridablanca, about 400 kilometres northeast of the capital, Bogota.
At the shelter, Fonseca was assigned to a room with three other men and told by officials he needed to find housing within seven days because he arrived in Canada with too much money — $2,400 US. He said he filed his Quebec social assistance paperwork and is waiting for a reply.
In late December, Fonseca moved into a one-bedroom apartment in Montreal with three other asylum seekers.
"Two of the men were sharing the bedroom, and the Venezuelan and I shared a mattress he found in the street that he placed in the living room," Fonseca said. "There was no privacy." He paid $380 for a one-month stay, including heating and internet.
Fonseca spent the next weeks on Facebook looking for an apartment. On one occasion, he said he met a man who introduced himself as a landlord who knew people at Immigration Canada and who could help him find work under the table.